What Is A Dc Motors?
Overview
Direct current machine refers to a rotating electric machine that can convert direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy (direct current motor) or convert mechanical energy into direct current electrical energy (direct current generator). It is a motor that can convert between DC electrical energy and mechanical energy. When it operates as a motor, it is a DC motor, which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; when it operates as a generator, it is a DC generator, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
The structure of a DC motor should be composed of two parts: the stator and the rotor. The static part of the DC motor is called the stator. The main function of the stator is to generate a magnetic field, which is composed of the frame, the main magnetic pole, the commutating pole, the end cover, the bearing and the brush device. The part that rotates during operation is called the rotor. Its main function is to generate electromagnetic torque and induced electromotive force. It is the hub of DC motor energy conversion, so it is usually called armature. It consists of rotating shaft, armature core, armature winding, and Composed of a fan and a fan.
Main classification
DC generator
A DC generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into DC electrical energy. It is mainly used as the DC motor required for DC motor, electrolysis, electroplating, electric smelting, charging and excitation power supply of AC generator. Although in places where DC power is needed, power rectifier components are also used to convert AC power into DC power, but from some aspects of performance, AC rectifier power can not completely replace DC generators.
DC motor
A rotating device that converts DC electrical energy into mechanical energy. The stator of the motor provides the magnetic field, the DC power supply provides current to the windings of the rotor, and the commutator keeps the direction of the torque generated by the rotor current and the magnetic field unchanged. DC motors can be divided into two categories according to whether they are equipped with commonly used brush-commutators, including brushed DC motors and brushless DC motors.
Brushless DC motors are developed in recent years with the development of microprocessor technology and the application of new power electronic devices with high switching frequency and low power consumption, as well as the optimization of control methods and the emergence of low-cost, high-level permanent magnet materials. A new type of DC motor developed.
The brushless DC motor not only maintains the good speed regulation performance of the traditional DC motor, but also has the advantages of no sliding contact and commutation sparks, high reliability, long service life and low noise. Therefore, it is used in aerospace, CNC machine tools, robots, and electric vehicles. , Computer peripherals and household appliances have been widely used.
According to the different power supply methods, brushless DC motors can be divided into two categories: square wave brushless DC motors, whose back EMF waveform and power supply current waveform are both rectangular waves, also known as rectangular wave permanent magnet synchronous motors; sine wave without For brushed DC motors, the back-EMF waveform and power supply current waveform are both sine waves.
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